The three brow formats are usually compared on finish and longevity, and that misses the distinction that actually matters on a mature brow: whether the product deposits marks or deposits areas.
A pencil deposits marks. You can draw a line a millimeter long in a specific direction, and a series of those reads as hair. That is the only operation that makes a sparse brow look like a brow rather than like a shape.
Powder deposits an area. A brush loaded with powder pressed onto the brow puts color everywhere it touches, which fills the gaps uniformly. On a dense brow that softens and defines beautifully. On a sparse brow it produces a solid patch of color with hairs sticking out of it, which is the hard drawn-on look.
Pomade also deposits an area, more opaquely. It is a cream product applied with an angled brush, and it was designed for a look — the defined, filled, structured brow of the mid-2010s — that is almost precisely wrong for a mature face. It is also the most opaque of the three, so mistakes are most visible.
So the ranking for a mature brow is not close: pencil first, a tinted fiber gel second as a companion rather than a competitor, powder third and only on a dense brow, pomade last.
There is one real exception. If holding and controlling a fine pencil is physically difficult, the comparison changes completely — a brow gel in one stroke beats a badly executed pencil brow, and that is the honest recommendation. See best brow gel for older women.